A Comparison of the effects of balance, dual task and multisensory training programs on postural control and executive functions in elderly with balance impairments

This is a prospective randomize double-blind controlled trial of the effects of three types of exercises on balance performance and executive function of elderly people. inclusion criteria are age between 60 to 75 years; a score between 45 - 52 on the Berg Balance Scale and exclusion criteria are score lower than 8 on the Geriatric Depression Scale; score lower than 24 on the Mini-Mental State Examination. 45 Eligible elderly people are randomly assigned to receive one of the three exercise regimens. The three balance exercise regimens are as follows: (1) Postural Stability Exercises , (2) Multi Sensory Exercises, and (3) Dual-Task Exercises . The Postural Stability group will serve as controls and include balance training in seated, standing and moving task situations. The MSE is similar to PSE but with manipulation of sensory systems which contribute to balance control (i.e. somatosensory, visual and vestibular systems). For the Dual-Task exercises, participants require to perform postural and cognitive tasks simultaneously.After the initial assessment, the participants enrolle in the exercise program according to their assign treatment. The program consist of four-week training (three times per week), with each session lasting about one hour. The main outcome measure of this study is the score on Berg balance scale and postural sway (Force plate in 8 situation ) for balance assessment , gait speed, reaction time and Executive function . the post-intervention assessments are conducted at the end of four-week program.

Shiraz University of Medical Sciences