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Study aim
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Investigating the effect of 8 weeks of combined training with astaxanthin supplementation on the expression of HN protein, miR-17, miR-155, miR-146a, inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis in type 2 diabetic patients.
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Design
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Clinical trial with control group, with parallel groups, single-blind, randomized
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Settings and conduct
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The exercises are done for 8 weeks (3 sessions per week). Training groups get to know the environment and exercises before starting sports programs. Also, the consent form for participating in the research will be obtained from all the participants.
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Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria
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Patients will be excluded from the study if they have any of the following conditions: a history of ketoacidosis within 6 months before enrollment in the study, excessive hyperglycemia (HbA1c > 10%), diabetic microvascular complications, diabetic neuropathy, impaired liver function ( plasma aminotransferase and/or γ-glutamyltransferase levels above the upper limit of normal for age and sex), impaired renal function (serum creatinine levels above the normal range for age and sex), severe anemia, uncontrolled hypertension (hypertension > 100/170 mmHg). Patients with cardiovascular disease (class I-IV congestive heart failure or history of myocardial infarction), obvious heart-related symptoms or history of cerebrovascular events will also be excluded. Active patients who reported more than 1 exercise per week and patients on insulin therapy will not be eligible.
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Intervention groups
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Five groups of aerobic exercise (15 people), aerobic exercise with placebo (15 people), aerobic exercise with astaxanthin supplement (15 people), astaxanthin supplement use (15 people) and control group with placebo (15 people) were divided.
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Main outcome variables
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Humanin serum levels; antioxidant capacity; serum levels of antioxidant enzymes; TNF-α; IL-10; BAX؛ BCL2 ؛ miR-17؛ miR-146؛ miR-155