Inclusion criteria:
Histologically confirmed recurrent or residual glioblastoma that is progressive despite prior or ongoing radiation therapy.
An enhanced lesion measuring one centimeter or more in diameter on MRI with contrast
Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) >=70%
Age greater than or equal to 18 years
Willing to use effective contraception for at least 6 months after oncolytic virus administration
Expected survival greater than 3 months
Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >= 1500/uL
Platelets (PLT) >= 100,000/uL
Total bilirubin =< 1.5 times the upper limit of normal (ULN)
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) =< 2 x ULN
Creatinine =< 2.0 x ULN
Prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) =< 1.3 x ULN
Anti-measles viral immunity demonstrated by immunoglobulin (IgG) and anti-measles antibody levels >= 1.1 EU/ml, determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Normal serum CEA level (<3 ng/mL) at baseline
Negative serum pregnancy test performed <= 7 days prior to study entry (only for women of childbearing age)
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1 or 2
Informed consent to participate in the study
Exclusion criteria:
Multiple (more than one) intracranial malignant glioma lesions
Documented extracranial metastases
Laboratory test values for CBC, platelets, clinical chemistry, liver and kidney function tests outside the protocol-specified limits
Chemotherapy, cytotoxic, or immunotherapy within 6 weeks prior to oncolytic virus administration
Any contraindications for MRI, such as pacemakers, infusion pumps, etc.
Surgery within 4 weeks before oncolytic virus administration
Pregnant or breastfeeding women
Active infection = < 5 days prior to study start
History of tuberculosis or history of positive purine protein derivative (PPD) tests
Chemotherapy =< 4 weeks prior to study start (6 weeks for nitrosourea-based chemotherapy)
Immunotherapy =< 4 weeks before study start
Biological therapy =< 4 weeks before study start
Bevacizumab =< 12 weeks prior to study start
Administration of non-cytotoxic antitumor drugs, i.e. small molecule cell cycle inhibitors, less than 2 weeks before the start of the study
Radiation therapy =< 6 weeks prior to study start
Failure to fully recover from the acute and reversible effects of previous chemotherapy, regardless of the time interval since the last treatment.
Inadequate seizure control
History of organ transplantation
History of chronic hepatitis B or
American Society of Anaesthesiology (ASA) Class 3 or 4
Allergy to measles vaccine or history of severe reaction to previous measles vaccination
History of any of the following: HIV, use of other investigational agents or vaccination within 30 days; encephalitis, multiple sclerosis or other CNS infections; previous gene transfer therapy or previous treatment with a cytolytic virus of any type